International Air Quality Advisory Board
SPECIAL REPORT ON
November 1998
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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| EXECUTIVE SUMMARY | ||
| CONSOLIDATED RECOMMENDATIONS | ||
| INTRODUCTION | ||
| 1. | SEAMLESS BORDER | |
| 1.1 | One Atmosphere | |
| 1.2 | Regional Airshed Management | |
| 1.3 | Single Issue Management Regimes | |
| 1.3.1 | Management of Ground-Level Ozone | |
| 1.3.2 | Management of Acidifying Emissions | |
| 1.4 | Multi-pollutant, Multi-effect Management Regimes | |
| 1.4.1 | U.S. Joint Implementation Program for Ozone, Particulates, and Regional Haze | |
| 1.4.2 | Canadian Regional Smog Management Plans | |
| 1.5 | Pollutants | |
| 1.5.1 | Sulfur dioxide | |
| 1.5.2 | Nitrogen oxides | |
| 1.5.3 | Acid Rain | |
| 1.5.4 | Tropospheric Ozone | |
| 1.5.5 | Particulate Pollution and Haze | |
| 1.6 | Receptors | |
| 2. | NITROGEN OXIDES - THE PIVOTAL POLLUTANT? | |
| 2.1 | Health Effects | |
| 2.2 | The Importance of Monitoring | |
| 2.3 | Emission and Deposition Trends | |
| 2.4 | Anticipated Future NOX Reductions | |
| 2.5 | Technology: Emission Controls and Energy Conservation | |
| 3. | CONTINENTAL ISSUES: PERSISTENT TOXIC SUBSTANCES | |
| 3.1 | Quantification, Effects, Challenges and the Grasshopper Phenomenon | |
| 3.2 | PCBs and PICs | |
| 3.3 | Pesticides | |
| 3.4 | Metals | |
| 4. | MONITORING/MODELING | |
| 5. | REGIONAL ISSUES | |
| 5.1 | Artifact Regions | |
| 5.2 | Arctic/Far North | |
| 5.3 | Pacific | |
| 5.4 | Mountain/Prairie | |
| 5.5 | Great Lakes/Ontario | |
| 5.6 | Eastern | |
| 6. | HARMONIZATION AND STANDARD SETTING PROCESSES | |
| 6.1 | Need for Collaboration on Criteria Documents | |
| 7. | COLLABORATION WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS | |
| 7.1 | Commission for Environmental Cooperation | |
| 7.2 | United Nations Economic Commission for Europe | |
| 8. | SURVEILLANCE ISSUES | |
| 8.1 | Eastern PM2.5 Quantification | |
| 8.2 | Focus on Endpoints (Biota/Human Impacts) | |
| 8.3 | Emissions Trading and Environmental Integrity | |
| 9. | EMERGING AND ANTICIPATORY ISSUES | |
| 9.1 | Coal-Fired Power Plants | |
| 9.2 | Mobile Sources | |
| 9.2.1 | Energy Conservation | |
| 9.2.2 | Sulfur in Gasoline | |
| 9.2.3 | Diesel Particulates, PM2.5 Precursors and Co-Pollutants | |
| 9.34 | Reduction Strategies for Persistent Toxic Substances: Life Cycle Management and Pollution Prevention | |
| 10. | THE WAY AHEAD: FUTURE BOARD ACTIVITY | |
| Acronyms | ||
| Membership | ||