TABLE OF CONTENTS

1   INTRODUCTION

1.1   Mandate of Task Force

1.2   Scope of the Inventory

1.3   History

1.4   Exclusion of direct cosmic and terrestrial radiation

1.5   Acknowledgments

1.6   Stylistic Conventions

2   INVENTORY BY SOURCE OF RADIOACTIVITY

2.1   Description of Sources Pertinent to the Great Lakes

2.2   Natural Sources of Radioactivity in their Undisturbed State

2.2.1   Primordial (Terrestrial) Radionuclides

2.2.2   Mobility and Transport of Terrestrial Radionuclides

2.2.3   Cosmogenically Formed Radionuclides

2.3   Anthropogenic Sources of Radiation

2.3.1   Fallout from Atmospheric Testing of Nuclear Weapons

2.3.2   The Nuclear Fuel Cycle Support Industries

2.3.3   Emissions from Nuclear Power Plants in the Great Lakes Basin

2.3.4   Emissions from Secondary Sources in the Great Lakes Basin

3   INVENTORY BY GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF
RADIOACTIVITY IN THE GREAT LAKES AIRSHED AND WATERSHED

3.1   The Whole Lake Data

3.1.1   Geographical Distribution of Radionuclides

3.1.2   Environmental Monitoring Data from Nuclear Reactor Facilities

3.1.3   Water-Column Inventories for the Open Lakes

3.1.4   Sediments

3.2   Inventories for Biological Compartments

3.2.1   Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification

4   CONCLUSIONS

4.1   Adequacy of Monitoring

4.2   Need for a Reassessment of Environmental Monitoring of Nuclear Facilities to Support the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement

4.3   Reporting

4.4   Harmonization of Monitoring and Data Reporting

4.5   Biological Transfer Factors for Lake Systems

4.6   Radionuclides of Concern